Summer jobs Toolkit resources

Summer jobs

Summer jobs can have positive impacts on education outcomes and personal development for young people and indirectly may also have positive impacts on youth employment outcomes over the longer term.

Last updated: 26 August 2026
Compare outcomes for...
ImpactAn assessment of the likely median level of intervention's impact on outcomes
StrengthAn assessment of the degree of confidence that can be placed in the findings, in the context that all studies included in the toolkit are high-quality, peer-reviewed impact studies.
Education The headline measure for education is completing a 'school leaving' qualification by 24 months after the intervention starts. This corresponds broadly to passing GCSEs in England, or to Level 2 attainment, which is associated with lower risk of becoming NEET.
score icon Low/no impact
ImpactAn assessment of the likely median level of intervention's impact on outcomes
score icon Insufficient
StrengthAn assessment of the degree of confidence that can be placed in the findings, in the context that all studies included in the toolkit are high-quality, peer-reviewed impact studies.
Employment The headline measure for employment is whether a young person has been employed at any point in the 12-24 months after an intervention starts. Every young person has the right to earn, learn and thrive.
score iconscore iconscore icon Low positive impact
ImpactAn assessment of the likely median level of intervention's impact on outcomes
score iconscore iconscore icon Emerging
StrengthAn assessment of the degree of confidence that can be placed in the findings, in the context that all studies included in the toolkit are high-quality, peer-reviewed impact studies.
Training The headline measure for training is whether a young person has engaged with Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) by 24 months after an intervention starts, which can support the development of workforce skills and increase long-term earning and employment prospects. This is a composite of several outcome metrics.
score icon Low/no impact
ImpactAn assessment of the likely median level of intervention's impact on outcomes
score icon Insufficient
StrengthAn assessment of the degree of confidence that can be placed in the findings, in the context that all studies included in the toolkit are high-quality, peer-reviewed impact studies.
Cost

We use a cost-description approach to help you estimate the relative indicative costs of delivering an intervention effectively. The more intense, complex or specific the provision needs, the higher the expected associated cost. These may vary considerably depending on programme duration, location, setting, and scale. Learn more in about the toolkit.

score iconscore iconscore icon High - likely to require intense, complex and specific resource needs for effective delivery
Insufficient evidence to provide a specific figure
More young people in work per 100 - unknown

Key findings

Headline insights about this component based on current high-quality evidence

Long term

Positive impact, but indirect

Programmes lift education engagement, job readiness, skills and personal development, and those gains improve employment outcomes.

Short term

A small negative effect on entering work

Participants are slightly less likely to move into a job at school leaving age, as more of them stay in education or training.

What drives it

Skills and qualifications are the mechanism

The skills and qualifications gained through summer employment programmes can make young people more likely to get a job.

What are summer jobs?

Paid entry-level work experience and additional support for a short, fixed period during summer holidays.

Typically summer job programmes

  • provide paid work experience in a specific role or sector
  • may offer specific training for role or sector, pre-employment or work-readiness training
  • may have opportunities to develop communication, teamwork and time-management or help to improve basic skills such as literacy and numeracy
  • may include coaching and mentoring or support to explore next steps in education, training or work

Programmes are typically offered to 16 to 24-year-olds who are:

  • in school or college, or
  • preparing to transition from education into work or further study

Many programmes focus on young people from communities that face high levels of disadvantage or who are at risk of not transitioning to further learning or meaningful work.

Who can offer summer jobs?

Read more about Who can offer summer jobs?

Any UK organisation—business, charity, public-sector body or social enterprise—that meets legal requirements such as:

  • paying at least the minimum wage
  • providing a safe working environment
  • complying with working-time rules for young people

How long do summer jobs last?

Read more about How long do summer jobs last?

Usually between six and eight weeks.

Programmes can recruit young people by working with school staff and/or with non-profit or community-based organisations.

Young people can also apply to be selected for a programme.

Where there are more applicants than places, participants may be chosen through:

  • a lottery system
  • an application assessment
  • eligibility criteria based on need or disadvantage

How are summer jobs funded?

Read more about How are summer jobs funded?

In the UK, funding is typically a mix of charitable, public and partnership funding.

Local delivery partners such as youth organisations receive funding to run the programme on the ground, often centrally co-ordinated.

Most models combine:

  • foundation or philanthropic grants
  • government or local authority funding
  • employer placements, time and supervision

The programme funder usually covers young people’s wages plus delivery costs such as training, mentoring, supervision, and payroll.

What are the delivery settings?

Read more about What are the delivery settings?
  • Workplaces of participating employers (work experience)
  • College, university, or independent training provider in-person or virtual (training)
  • Schools and communities (recruitment activities)

Benefits for young people

Summer jobs are designed to help young people build confidence, skills and insight into the workplace.

Emerging research indicates that taking part can:

  • Improve ongoing engagement with current education and training
  • Facilitate the transition to further education and training
  • Improve job readiness and motivation
  • Increase skills like communication, teamwork, responsibility, problem-solving
  • Boost confidence
  • Support a sense of responsibility
  • Reduce involvement in criminal or antisocial behaviours

In turn, these outcomes may have a knock-on effect on employability in the long term.

For example, the skills and qualifications gained through summer employment programmes can make young people more likely to get a job in the future.

Benefits for employers

Offering structured summer employment programmes enables employers to develop early-career talent and may:

  • Build future talent by developing a pipeline
  • Strengthen diversity and widen access
  • Boost capacity during busy periods
  • Develop staff skills in mentoring, supervision and leadership
  • Bring fresh insight and new ideas into organisations
  • Strengthen community impact and reputation
  • Support corporate responsibility goals

The cost rating for summer jobs is highHigh - likely to require intense, complex and specific resource needs for effective deliveryhigh

Calculations are based on insights from available high-quality studies on the complexity of delivery requirements and estimated associated costs.

outreach iconOutreach and recruitment activity

Tailored and varied with associated staffing, materials, scheduling and administrative costs

clock iconDelivery duration

Most programmes last for more than a month, with a similar or longer duration for recruitment and setup activities.

partners iconDelivery partners

Multiple providers including education systems, employers, experts in different kinds of support and training, and nonprofit and community organisations as potential intermediaries that all need to co-ordinate in partnership, supported by programme planning and management, requiring additional admin resource

expertise iconDelivery expertise

Varied including skills in employer liaison and training as most programmes are bespoke for a particular place, group of young people, and group of employers

wages iconWages, financial assistance or incentives

Wages for young people (where they are paid), line manager wages, programme administration and management staff, specialist trainers

settings iconDelivery settings

Recruitment takes place in schools and communities, work experience takes place in existing employment settings, and other kinds of training and support also need to be hosted either in-person or virtually

outreach icon Outreach and recruitment activity

Tailored and varied with associated staffing, materials, scheduling and administrative costs

clock icon Delivery duration

Most programmes last for more than a month, with a similar or longer duration for recruitment and setup activities.

partners icon Delivery partners

Multiple providers including education systems, employers, experts in different kinds of support and training, and nonprofit and community organisations as potential intermediaries that all need to co-ordinate in partnership, supported by programme planning and management, requiring additional admin resource

expertise icon Delivery expertise

Varied including skills in employer liaison and training as most programmes are bespoke for a particular place, group of young people, and group of employers

wages icon Wages, financial assistance or incentives

Wages for young people (where they are paid), line manager wages, programme administration and management staff, specialist trainers

settings icon Delivery settings

Recruitment takes place in schools and communities, work experience takes place in existing employment settings, and other kinds of training and support also need to be hosted either in-person or virtually

Considerations for decision makers

Based on existing evidence, we’ve identified some common features that support the commissioning, design and delivery of effective youth employment programmes:

01

Ensure outreach and awareness activities are effective and targeted to reach those most likely to benefit

Read more about Ensure outreach and awareness activities are effective and targeted to reach those most likely to benefit

Design, fund and deliver outreach and recruitment activities that raise young people’s awareness of summer jobs, with targeted initiatives to reach under-represented group who are most likely to benefit.

This might include working with schools, youth organisations, community groups and parents and carers to directly engage under-served groups, alongside up-to-date local and administrative data, working with public employment services, or advertising vacancies along with eligibility criteria.

Discover more about risk factors associated with being NEET.

Also consider how best to identify and engage the most suitable partners and employers for a programme. Engagement should be timely and clear, in ways that raise awareness and facilitate recruitment, enrolment, and sustained engagement.

02

Build-in pre-programme activities for staff and young people to support access and completion

Read more about Build-in pre-programme activities for staff and young people to support access and completion

Design, fund and implement programmes that

  • provide appropriate professional and pastoral training and materials to managers and other staff to ensure they are well prepared to engage with young people and can build positive relationships
  • offer orientation days, job fairs, or introductions to employers and workplaces before the programme starts so young people can learn more about the work environment and the work they will do to foster motivation and participation.
03

Tailor and structure programmes well to maintain engagement

Read more about Tailor and structure programmes well to maintain engagement

Design, fund and deliver programmes that:

  • are quality assured by appropriate methods where relevant
  • provide supportive, consistent and effective supervision to help young people settle quickly, navigate the workplace and perform well
  • support young people to develop a range of academic, employability, social, emotional, and ‘life’ skills
  • help young people think about professional goals and ambitions, maintain motivation and understand their professional and personal development and understand next steps
  • account for the complexity and diversity of individuals’ needs, which may include provision of equipment or adapted materials, or referrals to additional services
  • purposefully match young people to placements that align with their interests, experience and skills to improve engagement and reduce drop-out
  • include pastoral, wellbeing and specialist support, particularly for young people with additional needs or who face additional barriers to the labour market
  • monitor and support tutor and manager capacity to reduce administrative and emotional burden, which may include training
  • encourage young people to think about their professional goals and ambitions, build aspirations, and understand next steps. Progression may be offering a permanent or extended role or may be signposting to further education or training.

Effective programmes may utilise personal advisors or co-designed action plans that align with participants’ goals, aspirations and circumstances. These are most effective when used consistently.

04

Take a joined-up, collaborative approach

Read more about Take a joined-up, collaborative approach

Design, fund and implement programmes that prioritise collaboration and establish infrastructure between key stakeholders – such as networks of employers, schools, community groups, training organisations and local government – to improve co-ordination, support recruitment and outreach, and capture insights into students’ interests, skills, and aspirations.

05

Recognise local economic priorities

Read more about Recognise local economic priorities

Match provision to opportunities in the local labour market and the skills needs of employers.

This can be supported by effective involvement and support in planning stages, and flexibility within national or regional frameworks to meet the needs of specific groups of learners, sectors, and employers.

06

Encourage systematic monitoring and evaluation to help build and strengthen the evidence base

Read more about Encourage systematic monitoring and evaluation to help build and strengthen the evidence base

Support providers and delivery organisations to accurately and systematically capture and communicate data and milestones and track programme outcomes. This may include structured and standardised tracking forms, or developing realistic programme-specific performance frameworks.

For funders and commissioners – ensure recorded data, reporting and assessment captures a full range of appropriate and relevant youth employment and related outcomes to help rich understanding to ensure rich picture of what programmes do.

Encouraging reporting commonly recognised metrics allows evaluation to be easily comparable and included in the growing evidence base.

07

Prioritise iterative design and implementation strategies 

Read more about Prioritise iterative design and implementation strategies 

Design, fund and deliver apprenticeships that can incorporate staff and young people’s insights and feedback to better respond to needs and improve service delivery, performance and outcomes.

Relevant and strategic adjustments may include changing the intensity, duration of or type of elements, or adapting eligibility criteria or services to fit the needs of young people in the local area.

08

Consider financial incentives or support to reduce practical barriers to participation

Read more about Consider financial incentives or support to reduce practical barriers to participation

Design, fund and implement programmes that reduce practical barriers such as costs of taking part. For example, ensure that young people are fairly paid or receive travel or meal support. This can also increase how the opportunity is valued. Effective programmes also communicate clearly with families or households about payment and expectations.

About the evidence

What’s included in the analysis?

Read more about What’s included in the analysis?
Included studies5
No. of programmes evaluated4
Location(s)USA (Care should be taken when translating policy and practice to the UK context)
OutcomeLikelihood of entering employment
Comparator'Services as usual'
DemographicsMost participants were from minority ethnic backgrounds. Participants were not targeted based on ethnicity, but on other forms of disadvantage.

This evidence summary is based on a 2024 systematic review of evaluations that:

  • measured the intervention’s impact against what would have happened without it
  • defined summer jobs as a targeted intervention to support transitions
  • excludes evaluations of programmes offered to young people who have already left school and moved into the labour market, for example those who are employed, seeking work, or economically inactive or are mostly above compulsory school leaving age, or who are not required to be in education

Please note this is different to the underlying analysis that informs other Youth Employment Toolkit entries.

The evidence strength ratings reflect the number of studies included in the analysis. Studies were scored on reported design, sample size, approach to attrition, and definitions of interventions and outcome measures. More detail can be found in the full report.

Implications for evaluators and commissioners

Read more about Implications for evaluators and commissioners

High-quality impact evaluations of summer employment programmes interventions in a UK context, particularly those provided to young people who face additional barriers to employment, would be of great value in identifying the most effective approaches to recruitment, design and delivery, as well as quantifying the costs and benefits in terms of employment and education outcomes.

Explore how employers can transform the lives of marginalised young people and futureproof their workforce through summer jobs.